Planets Across Space and Time (PAST). II: Catalog and Analyses of the LAMOST-Gaia-Kepler Stellar Kinematic Properties

TL;DR

This paper presents a catalog of 35,835 Kepler stars with detailed kinematic properties derived from LAMOST and Gaia data, enabling studies of planetary systems within the Galactic context and revealing age-related trends in stellar and planetary characteristics.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive kinematic catalog of Kepler stars, combining LAMOST and Gaia data with revised methods, and analyzes the relationship between stellar kinematics, age, and planetary system properties.

Findings

Kinematic age correlates with stellar activity levels.

Fraction of thin/thick disk stars varies with planet multiplicity.

Kinematic age decreases as planet multiplicity increases.

Abstract

The Kepler telescope has discovered over 4,000 planets (candidates) by searching ? 200,000 stars over a wide range of distance (order of kpc) in our Galaxy. Characterizing the kinematic properties (e.g., Galactic component membership and kinematic age) of these Kepler targets (including the planet (candidate) hosts) is the first step towards studying Kepler planets in the Galactic context, which will reveal fresh insights into planet formation and evolution. In this paper, the second part of the Planets Across the Space and Time (PAST) series, by combining the data from LAMOST and Gaia and then applying the revised kinematic methods from PAST I, we present a catalog of kinematic properties(i.e., Galactic positions, velocities, and the relative membership probabilities among the thin disk, thick disk, Hercules stream, and the halo) as well as other basic stellar parameters for 35,835 Kepler stars. Further analyses of the LAMOST-Gaia-Kepler catalog demonstrate that our derived kinematic age reveals the expected stellar activity-age trend. Furthermore, we find that the fraction of thin(thick) disk stars increases (decreases) with the transiting planet multiplicity (Np = 0, 1, 2 and 3+) and the kinematic age decreases with Np, which could be a consequence of the dynamical evolution of planetary architecture with age. The LAMOST-Gaia-Kepler catalog will be useful for future studies on the correlations between the exoplanet distributions and the stellar Galactic environments as well as ages.