Seismology of Altair with MOST

TL;DR

This study uses MOST satellite data to analyze Altair's seismic spectrum, confirming its δ-Scuti pulsations, extending eigenfrequency detections, and exploring amplitude variations related to stellar rotation and convection.

Contribution

It provides an improved seismic spectrum of Altair with 15 eigenmodes and insights into amplitude variability and rotation effects in fast-rotating stars.

Findings

Confirmed δ-Scuti oscillations in Altair.

Extended the eigenfrequency spectrum to 15 modes.

Observed amplitude variations possibly linked to convection and rotation.

Abstract

Altair is the fastest rotating star at less than 10 parsecs from the Sun. Its precise modelling is a landmark for our understanding of stellar evolution with fast rotation, and all observational constraints are most welcome to better determine the fundamental parameters of this star. We wish to improve the seismic spectrum of Altair and confirm the $\delta$-Scuti nature of this star. We used the photometric data collected by the Microvariability and Oscillations of STars (MOST) satellite in the form of a series of Fabry images to derive Altair light curves at four epochs, namely in 2007, 2011, 2012, and 2013. We first confirm the presence of $\delta$-Scuti oscillations in the light curves of Altair. We extend the precision of some eigenfrequencies and add new ones to the spectrum of Altair, which now has 15 detected eigenmodes. The rotation period, which is expected at $\sim$7h46min from models reproducing interferometric data, seems to appear in the 2012 data set, but it still needs confirmation. Finally, Altair modal oscillations show noticeable amplitude variations on a timescale of 10 to 15 days, which may be the signature of a coupling between oscillations and thermal convection in the layer where the kappa-mechanism is operating.The Altair oscillation spectrum does not contain a large number of excited eigenmodes, which is similar to the fast rotating star HD220811. This supports the idea that fast rotation hinders the excitation of eigenmodes as already pointed out by theoretical investigations.