Black Hole Entropy Sourced by String Winding Condensate

TL;DR

This paper calculates the entropy of Schwarzschild black holes within string theory, demonstrating that winding mode condensates near the horizon reproduce the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, linking string microstates to black hole thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces an effective field theory approach to account for winding mode condensates that source black hole entropy, providing a string-theoretic derivation of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.

Findings

Winding mode condensate reproduces black hole entropy

Effective field theory matches Bekenstein-Hawking entropy

Application to linear-dilaton black holes

Abstract

We calculate the entropy of an asymptotically Schwarzschild black hole (BH), using an effective field theory of winding modes in type II string theory. In Euclidean signature, the geometry of the BH contains a thermal cycle which shrinks towards the horizon. The light excitations thus include, in addition to the metric and the dilaton, also the winding modes around this cycle. The winding modes condense in the near-horizon region and source the geometry of the thermal cycle. Using the effective field theory action and standard thermodynamic relations, we show that the entropy, which is also sourced by the winding modes condensate, is exactly equal to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole. We then discuss some properties of the winding mode condensate and end with an application of our method to an asymptotically linear-dilaton black hole.