Properties of Hybrid Stars with Density Dependent Bag Model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties of hybrid stars with a density-dependent bag model, analyzing how phase transition parameters affect their structure and comparing results with observational data.

Contribution

It introduces a hybrid star model using a density-dependent bag pressure and assesses its structural properties against multiple astrophysical constraints.

Findings

Maximum mass consistent with observed pulsars

Radius estimates align with GW170817 and NICER data

Tidal deformability within gravitational wave bounds

Abstract

The phenomena of deconfinement of hadronic matter into quark matter at high density, relevant to hybrid star (HS) cores, is studied in the present work. The effective chiral model describes the pure hadronic phase while for the quark phase the MIT bag model is chosen with density dependent bag pressure. Phase transition is achieved using Maxwell construction. The effect of variation of the asymptotic value of the bag pressure ($B_{as}$) is analyzed w.r.t to the mass and radius of the HSs. The presence of hyperons in the hadronic sector also has significant effect on the choice of the value of $B_{as}$. Both the hadronic composition and the choice of $B_{as}$ significantly affect the stability of the star. The gross structural properties of the resultant HS are calculated in static condition and compared with the various constraints on them from different observational and empirical perspectives. The static properties like the maximum gravitational mass of the HS, obtained with $B_{as}$=80 MeV fm$^{-3}$, is consistent with the limits imposed from the observational analysis of PSR J0348+0432 and PSR J0740+6620. The estimates of $R_{1.4}$ and $R_{1.6}$ of HSs are found to be within the range prescribed from GW170817 analysis. Also the $M-R$ solutions of the HSs are in excellent agreement with the recently obtained NICER data for PSR J0030+0451. The results of maximum surface redshift, obtained with hybrid equation of state, satisfy the constraints from 1E 1207.4-5209 and RX J0720.4-3125. The work is also extended to obtain the tidal deformation properties of the HSs. The obtained value of $\Lambda_{1.4}$ is consistent with the bound obtained from GW170817 data analysis.