Constraining Axion-to-Nucleon interaction via ultranarrow linewidth in the Casimir-less regime

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum optical method using a levitated nanosphere in an optical cavity to set new constraints on axion-nucleon interactions across a wide axion mass range.

Contribution

It introduces a novel optomechanical approach to detect axion-nucleon interactions and provides the most stringent prospective constraints in a broad mass spectrum.

Findings

Established new upper bounds on axion-nucleon coupling constants.

Demonstrated the method's sensitivity across a wide axion mass range.

Proposed a feasible experimental setup for future axion searches.

Abstract

In this paper we develop a quantum optical method to detect the axion-nucleon interaction. We ultilize a levitated optomechanical system consisting of a silica nanosphere and an optical cavity here. We translate the trapping positions of the nanosphere, resulting the shift of its resonance frequency, which can be determined from measuring the resulting resonance shift in the transmission spectrum. Furthermore, The frequency shift can be related to the additional forces due to two-axion exchange via substraction. Based on noise ananlysis, estimation and calculation, we set the stringent prospective constraints for the coupling constants of axion-neucleon interaction $g_{an}$ and $g_{ap}$. In the case of $g_{an}^2 = g_{ap}^2$ , our constraints are most stringent at an ultrawide axion mass range approximately from $10^{-4}\mu eV$ to $10$ $eV$ .