The structure of algebraic Baer $^*$-algebras

TL;DR

This paper characterizes the structure of algebraic Baer $^*$-algebras, showing they decompose into finite-dimensional matrix parts and commutative parts, with applications to group algebras and their finiteness.

Contribution

It provides a structural decomposition theorem for complex algebraic Baer $^*$-algebras, linking algebraic properties to topological and matrix algebra components.

Findings

Every algebraic Baer $^*$-algebra decomposes into a finite-dimensional part and a commutative part.

Finite group $G$ iff the group algebra $ olinebreak ext{C}[G]$ is an algebraic Baer $^*$-algebra.

Finite-dimensional summands are sums of full matrix algebras of size at least 2x2.

Abstract

The purpose of this note is to describe when a general complex algebraic $^*$-algebra is pre-$C^*$-normed, and to investigate their structure when the $^*$-algebras are Baer $^*$-rings in addition to algebraicity. As a main result we prove the following theorem for complex algebraic Baer $^*$-algebras: every $^*$-algebra of this kind can be decomposed as a direct sum $M\oplus B$, where $M$ is a finite dimensional Baer $^*$-algebra and $B$ is a commutative algebraic Baer $^*$-algebra. The summand $M$ is $^*$-isomorphic to a finite direct sum of full complex matrix algebras of size at least $2\times2$. The commutative summand $B$ is $^*$-isomorphic to the linear span of the characteristic functions of the clopen sets in a Stonean topological space. As an application we show that a group $G$ is finite exactly when the complex group algebra $\mathbb{C}[G]$ is an algebraic Baer $^*$-algebra.