Northern Hemisphere UHECR data further supports CMBR photons with weak U(1) component

TL;DR

This paper tests a theory that the Cosmic Background Radiation is mainly composed of SU(2) gauge fields, which could explain the propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and their sources.

Contribution

It provides empirical support for the SU(2) dominant CBR theory by matching UHECR data with potential sources, improving understanding of cosmic ray origins.

Findings

80% success in identifying UHECR sources in the Northern Hemisphere

Higher success rate (98.7%) when certain celestial objects are confirmed as AGN

Supports the SU(2) dominant photon hypothesis for CBR composition

Abstract

I further test the theory that the Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) is made of photons with a weak U(1) component. Tipler (2005) has previously argued that the consistency of the Standard Model (SM) with the Second Law of Thermodynamics requires the early universe CBR to be composed mainly of an SU(2) gauge field. The U(1) field would be suppressed. One of the consequences of this approach is that the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) would be able to propagate much further than conventionally accepted, as an SU(2) dominant CBR would be largely unable to couple with right handed fermions. I test if this novel theory solves the problem of UHECR origin by finding suitable candidates up to a redshift z = 0.1 within three degrees of the arrival direction. Utilizing the Fly's Eye Northern Hemisphere UHECR data, I identified candidates with 80\% success for the Northern Sky UHECR (98.7\% if certain celestial objects which are likely to be Active Galactic Nuclei are absolutely identified as such). This is parsimonious with the CBR theory, which has other important implications for the Standard Model, early universe cosmology, and the origin of matter and anti-matter. This builds off of Tipler and Piasecki (2018), where we have reviewed UHECR data from the Southern Hemisphere to get a 86\% success identification rate. We predict that the remaining UHECR not paired with a potential source will have sources identified upon closer telescopic investigations of these regions. Other recent experiments further suggest an SU(2) dominant composition of the CBR photons. The problem of UHECR origin may be solved.