On Hamiltonicity of regular graphs with bounded second neighborhoods

TL;DR

This paper investigates Hamiltonicity in regular graphs with bounded second neighborhoods, proving Hamiltonicity for certain cases, establishing NP-completeness for others, and providing conditions for large diameter graphs.

Contribution

It establishes Hamiltonicity for all graphs in  ext{G}(3), ext{G}(4), ext{G}(5), proves NP-completeness for  ext{G}(6), and offers new conditions for Hamiltonicity in large diameter graphs.

Findings

All graphs in  ext{G}(3), ext{G}(4), ext{G}(5) are Hamiltonian.

Deciding Hamiltonicity in  ext{G}(6) is NP-complete.

Locally connected graphs in  ext{G}(k), k \u2265 6, are Hamiltonian.

Abstract

Let $\mathcal{G}(k)$ denote the set of connected $k$-regular graphs $G$, $k\geq2$, where the number of vertices at distance 2 from any vertex in $G$ does not exceed $k$. Asratian (2006) showed (using other terminology) that a graph $G\in\mathcal{G}(k)$ is Hamiltonian if for each vertex $u$ of $G$ the subgraph induced by the set of vertices at distance at most 2 from $u$ is 2-connected. We prove here that in fact all graphs in the sets $\mathcal{G}(3)$, $\mathcal{G}(4)$ and $\mathcal{G}(5)$ are Hamiltonian. We also prove that the problem of determining whether there exists a Hamilton cycle in a graph from $\mathcal{G}(6)$ is NP-complete. Nevertheless we show that every locally connected graph $G\in\mathcal{G}(k)$, $k\geq6$, is Hamiltonian and that for each non-Hamiltonian cycle $C$ in $G$ there exists a cycle $C'$ of length $|V(C)|+\ell$ in $G$, $\ell\in\{1,2\}$, such that $V(C)\subset V(C')$. Finally, we note that all our conditions for Hamiltonicity apply to infinitely many graphs with large diameters.