Probing the interaction of semi-hard quarks and gluons with the underlying event in light- and heavy-flavor triggered proton-proton collisions

TL;DR

This study uses PYTHIA 8 simulations to analyze how light and heavy-flavor triggers influence underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, revealing differences linked to the initiating parton type and color reconnection effects.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the interaction of gluon and quark jets with the underlying event, highlighting the role of color reconnection in these processes.

Findings

Underlying event activity is independent of trigger species at high pT.

At intermediate pT, pion triggers show larger underlying event activity than B-hadron triggers.

Color reconnection effects are stronger in gluon-initiated events than in quark-initiated ones.

Abstract

We study underlying-event observables in inelastic proton-proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with identified light and heavy-flavor triggers using the PYTHIA 8 event generator. The study is performed as a function of the transverse momentum of the leading particle ($p_\mathrm{T}^{\rm trigger}$). While at high $p_\mathrm{T}^{\rm trigger}$ ($>10$ GeV/$c$) the underlying-event activity is independent of the leading particle species, at intermediate $p_\mathrm{T}^{\rm trigger}$ ($2<p_\mathrm{T}^{\rm trigger}<8$ GeV/$c$) it is larger in pion-triggered events than in events triggered with B mesons. Moreover, the underlying event in pion-triggered events, the majority of which are initiated by gluons, shows a stronger effect of color reconnection than events triggered with B-hadrons, that are mostly initiated by quark jets. The effect is observed at both hadronic and partonic level. Given that color reconnection affects the interaction among final partons before the hadronization, and that in the string model quarks (gluons) are connected to one (two) string piece(s), we conclude that the observed effect can be attributed to differences in the interactions of gluon and quark jets with the underlying event.