Scaling limits for the block counting process and the fixation line of a class of $\Lambda$-coalescents

TL;DR

This paper establishes scaling limits for the block counting process and fixation line of certain $ ext{Lambda}$-coalescents, showing convergence to an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type process under specific measure conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scaling limit analysis for $ ext{Lambda}$-coalescents, including a decomposition approach for the generator and convergence results for beta coalescents.

Findings

Block counting process converges to an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type process.

Decomposition of the generator facilitates the convergence proof.

Results apply specifically to beta coalescents with parameters 1 and $b>0$.

Abstract

We provide scaling limits for the block counting process and the fixation line of $\Lambda$-coalescents as the initial state $n$ tends to infinity under the assumption that the measure $\Lambda$ on $[0,1]$ satisfies $\int_{[0,1]}u^{-1}(\Lambda-b\lambda)({\rm d}u)<\infty$ for some $b>0$. Here $\lambda$ denotes the Lebesgue measure. The main result states that the block counting process, properly logarithmically scaled, converges in the Skorohod space to an Ornstein--Uhlenbeck type process as $n$ tends to infinity. The result is applied to beta coalescents with parameters $1$ and $b>0$. We split the generators into two parts by additively decomposing Lambda and then prove the uniform convergence of both parts separately.