Many-body theory for quasiparticle states in superfluid fermionic systems

TL;DR

This paper develops a formalism for fermionic quasiparticle propagators in superfluid systems, incorporating dynamical interactions and quasiparticle-vibration coupling to better understand many-body effects.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized quasiparticle propagator framework that includes dynamical kernels and quasiparticle-vibration coupling in superfluid fermionic systems.

Findings

Decomposition of interaction kernel into static and dynamical parts.

Coupling of normal and abnormal propagators via generalized formalism.

Connection of dynamical kernel to quasiparticle-vibration coupling.

Abstract

We present a formalism for the fermionic quasiparticle propagator in a superfluid fermionic system. Starting from a general many-body hamiltonian confined by the two-body instantaneous interaction, the equation of motion for the fermionic propagator is obtained in the Dyson form. Before making any approximation, the interaction kernel is found to be decomposed into the static and dynamical (time-dependent) contributions, while the latter translates to the energy-dependent and the former maps to the energy-independent terms in the energy domain. The three-fermion correlation function being the heart of the dynamical part of the kernel is factorized into the two-fermion and one-fermion ones. With the relaxed particle number constraint, the normal propagator is coupled to the abnormal one via both the static and dynamical kernels, that is formalized by introducing the generalized quasiparticle propagator of the Gor'kov type. The dynamical kernel in the factorized form is associated with the quasiparticle-vibration coupling (QVC) with the vibrations unifying both the normal and pairing phonons. The QVC vertices are related to the variations of the Hamiltonian of the Bogoliubov quasiparticles, which can be obtained by the finite amplitude method.