Terminologies, mod{\`e}les de donn{\'e}es arch{\'e}ologiques et th{\'e}saurus documentaires

TL;DR

This paper discusses the development and use of standardized archaeological vocabularies and thesauri, emphasizing interoperability across different data paradigms and the integration of Linked Data standards within archaeological research.

Contribution

It introduces a methodology for linking diverse archaeological vocabularies using ISO 25964 standard and demonstrates its application in a case study on ceramics at Bibracte.

Findings

Thesaurus tools support full human-to-machine-to-human interoperability.

ISO 25964 standard enables linking different scientific viewpoints.

Practical application demonstrated with ceramics research at Bibracte.

Abstract

The HyperTh{\'e}sau and Bibracte num{\'e}rique projects have given rise to a collective effort centred on the use of vocabulary as a means of ensuring the interoperability of archaeological data throughout its life cycle. To this end, the use of the standardised form of the thesaurus -- via the Opentheso platform -- provides a tool that is already adapted to the Linked Data. Nevertheless, its use quickly raised the question of the different paradigms presiding over the elaboration of a specific vocabulary by each (group of) scientist(s). The ISO 25964 standard -- designed for the management and interoperability of indexing languages -- is flexible enough to permit the comparison and linking of different scientific or documentary ``points of view''. Their coherence through interoperability alignments nevertheless requires to interface different semantic granularities: search reporting, the description of raw data, a gateway or ''pivot'' between the two, by using a regulated cooperation methodology. The challenges that remain to be met on this path do not prevent the thesaurus tool from already being a suitable support for a complete ''human-to-machine-to-human'' interoperability, developed within the framework of the Bibracte Ville Ouverte project and exemplified through a research on the ceramics of that archaeological site.