The W mass and width measurement challenge at FCC-ee

TL;DR

The paper discusses two high-precision methods for measuring the W boson mass and width at FCC-ee, emphasizing statistical accuracy and systematic uncertainty management across different energy regimes.

Contribution

It introduces and compares two complementary measurement strategies for W boson properties at FCC-ee, including a threshold scan and a kinematic reconstruction approach.

Findings

Threshold scan can achieve 0.5 MeV W mass precision.

Kinematic reconstruction yields similar statistical uncertainties.

Systematic uncertainties, especially in decay modeling, are critical to address.

Abstract

The FCC-ee physics program will deliver two complementary top-notch precision determinations of the W boson mass, and width. The first and main measurement relies on the rapid rise of the W-pair production cross section near its kinematic threshold. This method is extremely simple and clean, involving only the selection and counting of events, in all different decay channels. An optimal threshold-scan strategy with a total integrated luminosity of $12\,{\rm ab}^{-1}$ shared on energy points between 157 and 163 GeV will provide a statistical uncertainty on the W mass of 0.5 MeV and on the W width of 1.2 MeV. For these measurements, the goal of keeping the impact of systematic uncertainties below the statistical precision will be demanding, but feasible. The second method exploits the W-pair final state reconstruction and kinematic fit, making use of events with either four jets or two jets, one lepton and missing energy. The projected statistical precision of the second method is similar to the first method's, with uncertainties of $\sim 0.5$ ($1$) MeV for the W mass (width), employing W-pair data collected at the production threshold and at 240-365 GeV. For the kinematic reconstruction method, the final impact of systematic uncertainties is currently less clear, in particular uncertainties connected to the modelling of the W hadronic decays. The use and interplay of Z$\gamma$ and ZZ events, reconstructed and fitted with the same techniques as the WW events, will be important for the extraction of W mass measurements with data at the higher 240 and 365 GeV energies.