Nonlocal Exciton-Photon Interactions in Hybrid High-Q Beam Nanocavities with Encapsulated MoS$_2$ Monolayers

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates nonlocal exciton-photon interactions in high-Q nanocavities coupled with encapsulated MoS2 monolayers, revealing temperature-dependent interaction strength and paving the way for advanced quantum photonic applications.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel integrated nanofabrication method enabling nonlocal light-matter interactions in 2D material-based nanocavities with high quality factors.

Findings

Observation of nonlocal cavity-trion interactions in MoS2 heterostructures.

Nonmonotonic temperature dependence of interaction strength.

Potential for applying approach to other 2D materials.

Abstract

Atomically thin semiconductors can be readily integrated into a wide range of nanophotonic architectures for applications in quantum photonics and novel optoelectronic devices. We report the observation of nonlocal interactions of \textit{free} trions in pristine hBN/MoS$_2$/hBN heterostructures coupled to single mode (Q $>10^4$) quasi 0D nanocavities. The high excitonic and photonic quality of the interaction system stems from our integrated nanofabrication approach simultaneously with the hBN encapsulation and the maximized local cavity field amplitude within the MoS$_2$ monolayer. We observe a nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the cavity-trion interaction strength, consistent with the nonlocal light-matter interactions in which the extent of the center-of-mass wavefunction is comparable to the cavity mode volume in space. Our approach can be generalized to other optically active 2D materials, opening the way towards harnessing novel light-matter interaction regimes for applications in quantum photonics.