6G: from Densification to Diversification

TL;DR

This paper discusses the future development of 6G networks, emphasizing diversification of architectures over densification to meet complex, high-demand communication needs and exploring key technological challenges.

Contribution

It introduces a diversified network architecture framework for 6G, moving beyond traditional densification to support diverse applications and services.

Findings

Four types of network architectures are proposed based on link characteristics.

Network diversification enables complementary roles and collaboration across 6G.

Key technologies and challenges are identified for air, network, and assistive systems.

Abstract

The 5G system has finally begun commercialization, and now is the time to start discussing the road map for the 6G system. While the 5G system was designed with a focus on discovering new service types for high speed, low-latency, and massive connective services, the evolution of the network interface for 6G should be considered with an eye toward supporting these complicated communication environments. As machine-driven data traffic continues to increase exponentially, 6G must be able to support a series of connection methods that did not previously exist. In departure from base-station-oriented cell densification, network diversification is necessary if we are to satisfy the comprehensive requirements of end terminals for diverse applications. In this article, we predict what will drive 6G and look at what key requirements should be considered in 6G. We then diversify four types of network architectures according to link characteristics, communication ranges, and target services. The four types of networks play complementary roles while at the same time collaborating across the entire 6G network. Lastly, we call attention to key technologies and challenges in the air, network, and assistive technologies that will have to be addressed when designing the 6G system.