Nonlinear mirror image method for nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation: Absorption/emission of one soliton by a boundary

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the focusing nonlinear Schr"odinger equation on a half-line with time-dependent boundary conditions, revealing a new regime where solitons can be absorbed or emitted by the boundary, unlike traditional reflection scenarios.

Contribution

It introduces a novel nonlinear mirror image method for the NLS equation with time-dependent boundary conditions, uncovering soliton absorption and emission phenomena.

Findings

Identification of two classes of solutions: reflection and absorption/emission.

Demonstration of soliton absorption/emission as a unique feature of time-dependent boundary conditions.

Extension of the nonlinear method of images to handle time-dependent boundary conditions.

Abstract

We perform the analysis of the focusing nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation on the half-line with time-dependent boundary conditions along the lines of the nonlinear method of images with the help of B\"acklund transformations. The difficulty arising from having such time-dependent boundary conditions at $x=0$ is overcome by changing the viewpoint of the method and fixing the B\"acklund transformation at infinity as well as relating its value at $x=0$ to a time-dependent reflection matrix. The interplay between the various aspects of integrable boundary conditions is reviewed in detail to brush a picture of the area. We find two possible classes of solutions. One is very similar to the case of Robin boundary conditions whereby solitons are reflected at the boundary, as a result of an effective interaction with their images on the other half-line. The new regime of solutions supports the existence of one soliton that is not reflected at the boundary but can be either absorbed or emitted by it. We demonstrate that this is a unique feature of time-dependent integrable boundary conditions.