Intense narrowband XUV pulses from a compact setup

TL;DR

This paper introduces a compact, high-intensity XUV source based on high-harmonic generation driven by 395 nm pulses, achieving high flux and intensity in a small setup suitable for advanced spectroscopic applications.

Contribution

The authors demonstrate a compact high-harmonic generation setup producing intense, narrowband XUV pulses with high flux, using a novel configuration that minimizes source size and maximizes intensity.

Findings

Achieved a focused XUV intensity of 5×10^{13} W/cm^2.

Observed ionization of argon up to Ar^{3+} with at least four XUV photons.

Demonstrated a high-flux, narrowband XUV source suitable for various applications.

Abstract

We report on a compact and spectrally intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) source, which is based on high-harmonic generation (HHG) driven by 395 nm pulses. In order to minimize the XUV virtual source size and to maximize the XUV flux, HHG is performed several Rayleigh lengths away from the driving laser focal plane in a high-density gas jet. As a result, a high focused XUV intensity of $5 \times 10^{13}$ W/cm$^2$ is achieved, using a beamline with a length of only two meters and a modest driving laser pulse energy of 3 mJ. The high XUV intensity is demonstrated by performing a nonlinear ionization experiment in argon, using an XUV spectrum that is dominated by a single harmonic at 22 eV. Ion charge states up to Ar$^{3+}$ are observed, which requires the absorption of at least four XUV photons. The high XUV intensity and the narrow bandwidth are ideally suited for a variety of applications including photoelectron spectroscopy, the coherent control of resonant transitions and the imaging of nanoscale structures.