Qualitative chirality effects on the Casimir-Lifshitz torque with liquid crystals

TL;DR

This paper models cholesteric liquid crystals as multilayer systems to analyze their Casimir-Lifshitz torque, revealing significant deviations from nematic cases and highlighting the impact of chirality and distance on torque behavior.

Contribution

It provides an analytical model for cholesteric liquid crystals' Casimir-Lifshitz torque, showing qualitative and quantitative differences from nematic cases, especially at nanometer scales.

Findings

Torque deviates from sinusoidal behavior with misalignment angle

Casimir-Lifshitz torque decreases more slowly with distance in cholesterics

Finite pitch length effects are most pronounced around 10 nm

Abstract

We model a cholesteric liquid crystal as a planar uniaxial multilayer system, where the orientation of each layer differs slightly from that of the adjacent one. This allows us to analytically simplify the otherwise acutely complicated calculation of the Casimir-Lifshitz torque. Numerical results differ appreciably from the case of nematic liquid crystals, which can be treated like bloc birefringent media. In particular, we find that the torque deviates considerably from its usual sinusoidal behavior as a function of the misalignment angle. In the case of a birefringent crystal faced with a cholesteric liquid one, the Casimir-Lifshitz torque decreases more slowly as a function of distance than in the nematic case. In the case of two cholesteric liquid crystals, either in the homochiral or in the heterochiral configuration, the angular dependence changes qualitatively as a function of distance. In all considered cases, finite pitch length effects are most pronounced at distances of about 10 nm.