Precision Magnetometers for Aerospace Applications
James S. Bennett, Brian E. Vyhnalek, Hamish Greenall, Elizabeth M., Bridge, Fernando Gotardo, Stefan Forstner, Glen I. Harris, F\'elix A. Miranda, and Warwick P. Bowen

TL;DR
This paper reviews the role of high-precision optical magnetometers in aerospace, highlighting recent technological advances that enable new applications in navigation, exploration, and unmanned vehicle control.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of optical magnetometer technologies, focusing on recent progress and future potential for aerospace applications.
Findings
Optical magnetometers achieve higher sensitivity and lower size, weight, and power compared to traditional sensors.
Recent advances enable new aerospace applications such as unmanned vehicle navigation and planetary exploration.
Emerging magnetometer types include atomic, diamond defect-based, and optomechanical sensors.
Abstract
Aerospace technologies are crucial for modern civilization; space-based infrastructure underpins weather forecasting, communications, terrestrial navigation and logistics, planetary observations, solar monitoring, and other indispensable capabilities. Extraplanetary exploration -- including orbital surveys and (more recently) roving, flying, or submersible unmanned vehicles -- is also a key scientific and technological frontier, believed by many to be paramount to the long-term survival and prosperity of humanity. All of these aerospace applications require reliable control of the craft and the ability to record high-precision measurements of physical quantities. Magnetometers deliver on both of these aspects, and have been vital to the success of numerous missions. In this review paper, we provide an introduction to the relevant instruments and their applications. We consider past and…
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