Memory Effects in Scattering from Accelerating Bodies

TL;DR

This paper investigates how accelerating objects with long-lasting memory affect scattered waves, revealing non-Markovian effects and symmetry breaking, through theoretical analysis and experimental validation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel regime of wave scattering involving non-adiabatic, non-relativistic acceleration with memory effects, supported by both theory and experiments.

Findings

Memory signatures cause symmetry breaking in micro-Doppler spectra

Non-Markovian contributions significantly influence scattering from accelerating bodies

Experimental results confirm theoretical predictions of memory effects in electromagnetic scattering

Abstract

Interaction of electromagnetic, acoustic and even gravitational waves with accelerating bodies forms a class of nonstationary time-variant processes. Scattered waves contain intrinsic signatures of motion, which manifest in a broad range of phenomena, including Sagnac interference, Doppler and micro-Doppler frequency shifts. While general relativity is often required to account for motion, instantaneous rest frame approaches are frequently used to describe interactions with slowly accelerating objects. Here we investigate theoretically and experimentally an interaction regime, which is neither relativistic nor adiabatic. The test model considers an accelerating scatterer with a long-lasting relaxation memory. The slow decay rates violate the instantaneous reaction assumption of quasi-stationarity, introducing non-Markovian contributions to the scattering process. Memory signatures in scattering from a rotating dipole are studied theoretically, showing symmetry breaking of micro-Doppler combs. A quasi-stationary numeric analysis of scattering in the short memory limit is proposed and validated experimentally with an example of electromagnetic pulses interacting with a rotating wire.