Hawking-Page transition with reentrance and triple point in Gauss-Bonnet gravity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel Hawking-Page transition with reentrance and a triple point in Gauss-Bonnet gravity, revealing complex phase structures and universal relations in higher-dimensional black hole thermodynamics.

Contribution

It presents the first analysis of reentrant and triple point Hawking-Page transitions in Gauss-Bonnet gravity for hyperbolic AdS black holes, expanding understanding of phase behavior in quantum gravity.

Findings

Identification of reentrant Hawking-Page transitions with two temperature branches.

Discovery of a triple point where three black hole phases coexist.

Universal relations depending only on spacetime dimensions.

Abstract

In this paper, a new family of Hawking-Page (HP) transition, the HP transition with reentrance and triple point is introduced for the first time, by investigating HP transition of hyperbolic AdS black hole in extended thermodynamics of general dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The Reentrant HP transition is composed of two HP transitions with a large and a small HP temperature, and the triple point corresponds to small black holes/massless black holes/large black holes (SBHs/MBHs/LBHs) phases all coexisting. We present the two branches of HP transition temperatures, which both depend on the pressure (i.e. the cosmological constant) and the Gauss-Bonnet constant. Besides, the pressure and the Gauss-Bonnet constant both enlarge the large HP temperature and diminish the small HP temperature. We also show the coexistence lines in the $P-T$ phase diagrams. The triple point and an up critical point in phase diagrams for arbitrary dimensional Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole systems are given, together with some interesting universal relations which only depend on the dimensions of spacetime. We can explain the reentrant HP transition and triple point of SBHs/MBHs/LBHs as the phase transition and triple point of Hadronic matter/Quark-Gluon/Plasma/Quarkyonic matter in the QCD phase diagram. These results may improve the comprehension of the black hole thermodynamics in the quantum gravity framework and shed some light on the AdS/CFT correspondence beyond the classical gravity limit.