Catalyzed Baryogenesis

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new 'catalyzed baryogenesis' mechanism where a ball-like catalyst with CP violation and baryon number violation inside explains the universe's baryon asymmetry, with potential dark radiation signatures.

Contribution

It proposes the novel concept of catalyzed baryogenesis using electroweak-symmetric balls as catalysts, combining CP violation and baryon number violation within a unified framework.

Findings

Baryon asymmetry can be generated with light ball mass and large radius.

Evaporating balls can produce detectable dark radiation.

Electroweak sphalerons inside the balls facilitate baryon-to-lepton conversion.

Abstract

A novel mechanism, "catalyzed baryogenesis," is proposed to explain the observed baryon asymmetry in our universe. In this mechanism, the motion of a ball-like catalyst provides the necessary out-of-equilibrium condition, its outer wall has CP-violating interactions with the Standard Model particles, and its interior has baryon number violating interactions. We use the electroweak-symmetric ball model as an example of such a catalyst. In this model, electroweak sphalerons inside the ball are active and convert baryons into leptons. The observed baryon number asymmetry can be produced for a light ball mass and a large ball radius. Due to direct detection constraints on relic balls, we consider a scenario in which the balls evaporate, leading to dark radiation at testable levels.