Bose-Einstein condensation of Efimovian triples in the unitary Bose gas

TL;DR

This paper predicts the formation of condensed pairs and triples, including Efimov states, in a quenched unitary Bose gas, revealing universal behavior and many-body effects in the condensation process.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework for understanding Bose-Einstein condensation of few-body Efimovian states in the unitary regime.

Findings

Condensed pairs and triples form sequentially after quenching to unitarity.

Efimovian character of triples is demonstrated at short distances.

Universal condensed triples emerge when Efimov states are well-separated from density scales.

Abstract

In an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate quenched to the unitary regime, we predict the sequential formation of a significant fraction of condensed pairs and triples. At short-distances, we demonstrate the two-body and Efimovian character of the condensed pairs and triples, respectively. As the system evolves, the size of the condensed pairs and triples becomes comparable to the interparticle distance, such that many-body effects become significant. The structure of the condensed triples depends on the relative size of Efimov states to density scales. Unexpectedly, we find universal condensed triples in the limit where these scales are well-separated. Our findings provide a new framework for understanding dynamics in the unitary regime as the Bose-Einstein condensation of few-body composites.