Gas clumping in the outskirts of the Virgo cluster
M. S. Mirakhor, S. A. Walker

TL;DR
This study investigates gas clumping in the Virgo cluster's outskirts using XMM-Newton data, finding mild clumping levels and suggesting non-thermal pressure support may explain high gas mass fractions.
Contribution
It provides high-resolution measurements of gas clumping at small scales in Virgo's outskirts and assesses the impact of non-thermal pressure support.
Findings
Gas clumping level is relatively mild ($.1$).
Correcting for clumping aligns gas mass fraction with universal values.
Non-thermal pressure support of 20% explains high gas fractions outside $r_{200}$.
Abstract
Observations of the ICM in the outskirts of the Virgo cluster with Suzaku have found the gas mass fraction in the northern direction to be significantly above the expected level, indicating that there may be a very high level of gas clumping on small scales in this direction. Here, we explore the XMM-Newton data in the outskirts of Virgo, dividing it into a Voronoi tessellation to separate the bulk ICM component from the clumped ICM component. As the nearest galaxy cluster, Virgo's large angular extent allows the spatial scale of the tessellation to be much smaller than has been achieved using the same technique on intermediate redshift clusters, allowing us to probe gas clumping on the scales down to 55 kpc. We find that the level of gas clumping in the outskirts to the north is relatively mild, (), suggesting that our point-source detection procedure may have…
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