External-level assisted cooling by measurement

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel measurement-based cooling method for high-temperature quantum resonators, utilizing strong driving to enhance cooling efficiency and achieve ground-state cooling without precooling.

Contribution

It introduces a strong-driving-assisted measurement protocol that broadens cooling range and accelerates the cooling process, surpassing conventional measurement-only strategies.

Findings

Enhanced cooling range with strong driving.

Achieved nondeterministic ground-state cooling without precooling.

Generalized hybrid cooling protocol improves efficiency.

Abstract

A quantum resonator in a thermal-equilibrium state with a high temperature has a large average population and is featured with significant occupation over Fock states with a high excitation number. The resonator could be cooled down via continuous measurements on the ground state of a coupled two-level system (qubit). We find, however, that the measurement-induced cooling might become inefficient in the high-temperature regime. Beyond the conventional strategy, we introduce strong driving between the excited state of the qubit and an external level. It can remarkably broaden the cooling range in regard to the non-vanishing populated Fock states of the resonator. Without any precooling procedure, our strategy allows a significant reduction of the populations over Fock states with a high excitation number, giving rise to nondeterministic ground-state cooling after a sequence of measurements. The driving-induced fast transition constrains the resonator and the ancillary qubit at their ground state upon measurement and then simulates the quantum Zeno effect. Our protocol is applied to cool down a high-temperature magnetic resonator. Additionally, it is generalized to a hybrid cooling protocol by interpolating the methods with and without strong driving, which can accelerate the cooling process and increase the overlap between the final state of the resonator and its ground state.