Interpretation of Plug-and-Play (PnP) algorithms from a different angle

TL;DR

This paper offers a new perspective on Plug-and-Play algorithms by interpreting them as semi-iterative regularization methods, providing theoretical insights, expanding the solution space, and demonstrating improved performance through numerical validation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel interpretation of PnP algorithms as semi-iterative regularization methods, broadening their theoretical foundation and enhancing their recovery capabilities.

Findings

Theoretical explanation of PnP algorithms as semi-iterative regularization methods.

Expanded family of regularized solutions for PnP algorithms.

Numerical results showing improved performance over traditional PnP methods.

Abstract

It's well-known that inverse problems are ill-posed and to solve them meaningfully one has to employ regularization methods. Traditionally, the most popular regularization approaches are Variational-type approaches, i.e., penalized/constrained functional minimization. In recent years, the classical regularization approaches have been replaced by the so-called plug-and-play (PnP) algorithms, which copies the proximal gradient minimization processes, such as ADMM or FISTA, but with any general denoiser. However, unlike the traditional proximal gradient methods, the theoretical analysis and convergence results have been insufficient for these PnP-algorithms. Hence, the results from these algorithms, though empirically outstanding, are not well-defined, in the sense of, being a minimizer of a Variational problem. In this paper, we address this question of "well-definedness", but from a different angle. We explain these algorithms from the viewpoint of a semi-iterative regularization method. In addition, we expand the family of regularized solutions, corresponding to the classical semi-iterative methods, to further generalize the explainability of these algorithms, as well as, enhance the recovery process. We conclude with several numerical results which validate the developed theories and reflect the improvements over the traditional PnP-algorithms, such as ADMM-PnP and FISTA-PnP.