On the Feasibility of Bell Inequality Violation at ATLAS Experiment with Flavor Entanglement of $B^{0}\bar{B}^{0}$ Pairs from $pp$ Collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential to perform a Bell inequality violation test using flavor entanglement of B mesons at the ATLAS detector in the LHC, highlighting the feasibility due to the detector's ability to measure decay times.

Contribution

It demonstrates, through simulation, that a Bell test with B mesons at ATLAS is feasible under realistic conditions, leveraging decay time measurements not available in previous experiments.

Findings

Bell test feasible with ATLAS under realistic LHC conditions

Decay time measurement is crucial for the Bell test

Potential to explore quantum foundations at higher energies

Abstract

We examine the feasibility of the Bell test (i.e., detecting a violation of the Bell inequality) with the ATLAS detector in Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN through the flavor entanglement between the B mesons. After addressing the possible issues that arise associated with the experiment and how they may be treated based on an analogy with conventional Bell tests, we show in our simulation study that under realistic conditions (expected from the LHC Run 3 operation) the Bell test is feasible under mild assumptions. The definitive factor for this promising result lies primarily in the fact that the ATLAS detector is capable of measuring the decay times of the B mesons independently, which was not available in the previous experiment with the Belle detector at KEK. This result suggests the possibility of the Bell test in much higher energy domains and may open up a new arena for experimental studies of quantum foundations.