A Multi Polarization Square Patch Antenna with a Reconfigurable Feeding Network

TL;DR

This paper introduces a reconfigurable multi-polarization square patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz, capable of switching between linear, left-hand, and right-hand circular polarizations using PIN diode-based switching circuits.

Contribution

It presents a novel reconfigurable feeding network on an FR-4 substrate that enables polarization switching in a compact antenna design.

Findings

Acceptable axial ratio bandwidth (2.38-2.48 GHz) for circular polarizations

Minimum -10 dB return loss at 2.45 GHz

Effective polarization control demonstrated through simulation and measurement

Abstract

A multi-polarization square patch antenna with a reconfigurable feeding network is presented in this paper. The reconfigurable feeding network of this antenna is implemented on an FR-4 substrate by a Wilkinson power divider and a branch line coupler which perform amplitude distribution in the feeding network. Besides, two switching circuits which consist of one PIN diode (BAR63-02w) and its DC biasing circuit manage the RF signal flow on this feeding network. These switching circuits control the phase of the RF signal applied to the square patch, so it can provide linear polarization, left-hand and right-hand circular polarization at 2.45 GHz which has many applications in wireless networks. The simulated and measured results are presented which illuminate acceptable axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for both right-hand and left-hand circular polarization in (2.38-2.48 GHz) and minimum -10 dB return loss at 2.45 GHz.