Deterministic Generation of Genuine Tri-Partite Hybrid Atom-Photon Entanglement through Dissipation

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a method to deterministically generate genuine hybrid tri-partite entanglement between two optical fields and an atomic ensemble via dissipation, with potential for experimental realization.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to produce and verify hybrid entanglement in a steady state using dissipation and collective atomic properties.

Findings

Successful generation of hybrid tri-partite entanglement.

Optical quadratures can become squeezed during propagation.

Proposed measurement technique for entanglement characterization.

Abstract

The ability to deterministically generate genuine multi-partite entanglement is fundamental for the advancement of quantum information science. We show that the interaction between entangled twin beams of light and an atomic ensemble under conditions for electromagnetically induced transparency leads to the generation of genuine hybrid tri-partite entanglement between the two input fields and the atomic ensemble. In such a configuration, the system is driven through dissipation to a steady state given by the hybrid entangled state. To show the presence of the genuine hybrid entanglement, we introduce a new approach to treat the atomic operators that makes it possible to show a violation of a tri-partite entanglement criterion based on the properties of the two optical fields and collective properties of the atomic ensemble. Additionally, we show that while each of the input optical fields does not exhibit single beam quadrature squeezing, as the fields propagate through the atomic medium their individual quadratures can become squeezed and in some cases oscillate between the presence and absence of squeezing. Finally, we propose a technique to characterize the tri-partite entanglement through joint measurements of the fields leaving the atomic medium, making such an approach experimentally accessible.