Nerve Impulses Have Three Interdependent Functions: Communication, Modulation And Computation

TL;DR

This paper explores the multifaceted nature of nerve impulses, proposing that they serve communication, modulation, and computation functions, and introduces a new model involving a quantum ternary event called the CAP.

Contribution

It introduces a novel perspective that nerve impulses are composed of three interdependent states, including a new computational model called the CAP, expanding understanding beyond traditional ionic mechanisms.

Findings

Nerve impulses have three interdependent functions: communication, modulation, and computation.

A coupled soliton pressure pulse accompanies the ionic action potential.

The proposed computational action potential (CAP) is a quantum ternary event, not just a binary ionic spike.

Abstract

Comprehending the nature of action potentials is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning of nervous systems in general. Here we consider their evolution and describe their functions of communication, modulation and computation within nervous systems. The ionic mechanisms underlying action potentials in the squid giant axon were first described by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952 and their findings have formed our orthodox view of how the physiological action potential functions. However, substantial evidence has now accumulated to show that the action potential is accompanied by a synchronized coupled soliton pressure pulse in the cell membrane, the action potential pulse (APPulse). Here we explore the interactions between the soliton and the ionic mechanisms known to be associated with the action potential. Computational models of the action potential usually describe it as a binary event, but we suggest that it is quantum ternary event known as the computational action potential (CAP), whose temporal fixed point is threshold, rather than the rather plastic action potential peak used in other models. The CAP accompanies the APPulse and the Physiological action potential. Therefore, we conclude that nerve impulses appear to be an ensemble of three inseparable, interdependent, concurrent states: the physiological action potential, the APPulse and the CAP.