Proca equation and vector field quantization in rotating system

TL;DR

This paper investigates the Proca equation and quantization of vector fields in a rotating system, revealing that eigenstates mirror Maxwell equations in cylindrical coordinates, with implications for relativistic quark-gluon plasma.

Contribution

It provides the first complete solution of the Proca equation in a rotating background and performs canonical quantization for spin-1 fields in such systems.

Findings

Eigenstates are identical to Maxwell equations in cylindrical coordinates.

Propagator and near-central approximation are derived.

Results are relevant for relativistic quark-gluon plasma studies.

Abstract

A strong background field will change the vacuum structure and the proper basis of a system drastically in both classical and quantum mechanics, e.g. the Landau levels in a background magnetic field. The situation is the same for the rotating case. In such a system the usual set of plane-wave states would no longer be suitable as a starting point of perturbation. Alternatively and straightforwardly in a rapidly and globally rotating system, it is better to reformulate the perturbation computation in principle. In this work we will complete the first step for the spin-1 field, which includes solving the Proca equation in present of a background rotation and complete its canonical quantization. It will be shown that because of the symmetry the eigen states are actually the same as the ones of Maxwell equations in cylindrical coordinate. The propagator as well as the near-central approximation will be obtained by considering the vorticity areas are so small in the relativistic QGP.