Diamagnetic/Paramagnetic Phase Transitions in Non-equilibrium Confined Single-Component Plasmas

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel phase transition in non-equilibrium single-component plasmas under magnetic fields, supported by fluid models, simulations, and proposed experiments.

Contribution

It introduces the first classical fluid model capturing this phase transition and provides parameter constraints and experimental suggestions.

Findings

Confirmed phase transition via N-particle simulations

Derived parameter constraints for the transition

Proposed experimental tests for the theory

Abstract

In this letter, a phase transition of a non-equilibrated single component plasma evolving within a uniform constant magnetic field is demonstrated for the first time. We present classical fluid models that capture this phenomenon, confirm with N -particle simulations, derive constraints on parameters necessary to induce this phase transition, and suggest an experiment to test the novel predictions of the theory.