Detection of a Multi-Phase Ultra-Fast Wind in the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 1044

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of a multi-phase, ultra-fast wind in the galaxy Mrk 1044, revealing complex outflow structures that could significantly influence galaxy evolution.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of multi-phase ultra-fast outflows in Mrk 1044, highlighting similarities with other galaxies and implications for galaxy feedback mechanisms.

Findings

Detection of four distinct wind components with velocities up to 0.15c

Stratified wind structure similar to IRAS 17020+4544

Potential for significant galactic feedback from the wind

Abstract

We present a detailed analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray spectra of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 1044. We find robust evidence for a multi-phase, ultra-fast outflow, traced by four separate components in the grating spectrum. One component has high column density and ionization state, and is outflowing at 0.15c. The other three wind components have lower temperature, lower column density, and have outflow velocities 0.08c. This wind structure is strikingly similar to that found in IRAS 17020+4544, suggesting that stratified winds may be a common feature of ultra-fast outflows. Such structure is likely produced by fluid instabilities that form when the nuclear wind shocks the ambient medium. We show that in an energy-driven wind scenario, the wind in Mrk 1044 might carry enough energy to produce significant feedback on its host galaxy. We further discuss the implications of the presence of a fast wind in yet another NLS1 galaxy with high Eddington ratio.