On Primordial Black Holes and secondary gravitational waves generated from inflation with solo/multi-bumpy potential

TL;DR

This paper explores how multi-bumpy inflationary potentials can produce primordial black holes across various mass ranges and generate secondary gravitational waves, linking inflation features to observable cosmic phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a toy inflation model with multi-bumpy potentials that creates multi-peaked power spectra, leading to diverse PBH masses and associated gravitational waves.

Findings

Multi-bumpy potentials produce multi-peaked power spectra.

Multiple PBH mass ranges can be generated.

Scalar-induced gravitational waves are discussed.

Abstract

It is well known that a primordial black hole (PBH) can be generated in the inflation process of the early universe, especially when the inflation field has a number of non-trivial features that could break the slow-roll condition. In this study, we investigate a toy model of inflation with bumpy potential, which has one or several bumps. We determined that the potential with multi-bump can generate power spectra with multi-peaks in small-scale region, which can in turn predict the generation of primordial black holes in various mass ranges. We also consider the two possibilities of PBH formation by spherical and elliptical collapses. Finally, we discuss the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs)generated by linear scalar perturbations at second order.