Bootstrapping octagons in reduced kinematics from $A_2$ cluster algebras

TL;DR

This paper proposes a conjecture that all multi-loop amplitudes for octagons in reduced kinematics can be expressed using overlapping $A_2$ functions, simplifying calculations and enabling a bootstrap approach for certain loop orders.

Contribution

It introduces a novel $A_2$ function-based alphabet for octagon amplitudes in reduced kinematics and demonstrates its effectiveness through explicit computations and bootstrap methods.

Findings

All known octagon amplitudes fit the $A_2$ function framework.

New multi-loop integrals support the conjecture.

Successful bootstrap of amplitudes up to two-loop NMHV and three-loop MHV.

Abstract

Multi-loop scattering amplitudes/null polygonal Wilson loops in ${\mathcal N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills are known to simplify significantly in reduced kinematics, where external legs/edges lie in an $1+1$ dimensional subspace of Minkowski spacetime (or boundary of the $\rm AdS_3$ subspace). Since the edges of a $2n$-gon with even and odd labels go along two different null directions, the kinematics is reduced to two copies of $G(2,n)/T \sim A_{n{-}3}$. In the simplest octagon case, we conjecture that all loop amplitudes and Feynman integrals are given in terms of two overlapping $A_2$ functions (a special case of two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms): in addition to the letters $v, 1+v, w, 1+w$ of $A_1 \times A_1$, there are two letters $v-w, 1- v w$ mixing the two sectors but they never appear together in the same term; these are the reduced version of four-mass-box algebraic letters. Evidence supporting our conjecture includes all known octagon amplitudes as well as new computations of multi-loop integrals in reduced kinematics. By leveraging this alphabet and conditions on first and last entries, we initiate a bootstrap program in reduced kinematics: within the remarkably simple space of overlapping $A_2$ functions, we easily obtain octagon amplitudes up to two-loop NMHV and three-loop MHV. We also briefly comment on the generalization to $2n$-gons in terms of $A_2$ functions and beyond.