Maximally Symmetric Three Higgs Doublet Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces the Maximally Symmetric Three-Higgs Doublet Model (MS-3HDM), a theoretically motivated extension of the Standard Model that predicts specific scalar spectra and couplings, testable at future colliders.

Contribution

It identifies the MS-3HDM as a natural, symmetric extension with precise predictions for scalar masses and couplings, advancing beyond previous two-Higgs models.

Findings

Predicted scalar mass spectrum consistent with symmetry constraints

Specific deviations in Higgs couplings potentially observable at colliders

Model unifies quartic couplings up to the Planck scale

Abstract

We consider the general Three-Higgs Doublet Model (3HDM) and identify all limits that lead to exact SM alignment. After discussing the underlying symmetries that can naturally enforce such an alignment, we focus on the most economic setting, called here the Maximally Symmetric Three-Higgs Doublet Model (MS-3HDM). The potential of the MS-3HDM obeys an $\mathrm{Sp(6)}$ symmetry, softly broken by bilinear masses and explicitly by hypercharge and Yukawa couplings through renormalisation-group effects, whilst the theory allows for quartic coupling unification up to the Planck scale. Besides the two ratios of vacuum expectation values, $\tan\beta_{1,2}$, the MS-3HDM is predominantly governed by only three input parameters: the masses of the two charged Higgs bosons, $M_{h_{1,2}^{\pm}}$, and their mixing angle $\sigma$. Most remarkably, with these input parameters, we obtain definite predictions for the entire scalar mass spectrum of the theory, as well as for the SM-like Higgs-boson couplings to the gauge bosons and fermions. The predicted deviations of these couplings from their SM values might be probed at future precision high-energy colliders. The new phenomenological aspects of the MS-3HDM with respect to the earlier studied MS-2HDM are discussed.