Gravitational and electromagnetic radiation from an electrically charged black hole in general nonlinear electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper develops equations describing gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of charged black holes within nonlinear electrodynamics, including stability analysis and reduction to wave equations.

Contribution

It derives coupled wave equations for perturbations of charged black holes in general nonlinear electrodynamics, incorporating the Hodge dual and cosmological constant.

Findings

Reduced Einstein-electromagnetic system to Schrödinger-type equations

Derived stability conditions with Hodge dual effects

Included general nonlinear electrodynamics and cosmological constant

Abstract

We derive the equations for the odd and even parity perturbations of coupled electromagnetic and gravitational fields of a black hole with an electric charge within the context of general nonlinear electrodynamics. The Lagrangian density is a generic function of the Lorentz invariant scalar quantities of the electromagnetic fields. We include the Hodge dual of the electromagnetic field tensor and the cosmological constant in our calculations. For each type of parity, we reduce the system of Einstein field equations coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics to two coupled Schr\"odinger-type wave equations, one for the gravitational field and one for the electromagnetic field. The stability conditions in the presence of the Hodge dual of the electromagnetic field are derived.