Extending the Observational Frequency Range for Gravitational Waves in a Pulsar Timing Array

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new observational method using pulsar timing arrays to extend gravitational wave detection frequency range up to pulsar rotational frequencies, analyzing electromagnetic wave perturbations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to gravitational wave observation by extending frequency range through electromagnetic wave analysis in pulsar timing arrays.

Findings

Identifies gauge-invariant quantities for observation.

Analyzes electromagnetic wave perturbations in perturbed spacetime.

Proposes two frequency windows for simplified observation.

Abstract

We provide an observation method for gravitational waves using a pulsar timing array to extend the observational frequency range up to the rotational frequency of pulsars. For this purpose, we perform an analysis of a perturbed electromagnetic wave in perturbed spacetime from the field perspective. We apply the analysis to the received electromagnetic waves in a radio telescope, which partially composes the periodic electromagnetic pulse emitted by a pulsar. For simple observation, two frequency windows are considered. For each window, we propose gauge-invariant quantities and discuss their observations.