The Cosmic Large-Scale Structure in X-rays (CLASSIX) Cluster Survey III: The Perseus-Pisces supercluster and the Southern Great Wall as traced by X-ray luminous galaxy clusters

TL;DR

This study uses a complete X-ray galaxy cluster sample to analyze the structure and mass of the Perseus-Pisces supercluster and the Southern Great Wall, revealing their geometric properties and extent.

Contribution

It introduces a new quantitative analysis of the supercluster using X-ray data and friends-of-friends clustering, extending understanding beyond galaxy-based studies.

Findings

Perseus-Pisces is the largest superstructure at z <= 0.03.

The supercluster extends through the zone of avoidance.

No strong alignment of cluster shapes with the supercluster axis.

Abstract

The Perseus-Pisces supercluster is known as one of the largest structures in the nearby Universe that has been charted by the galaxy and galaxy cluster distributions. For the latter mostly clusters from the Abell catalogue have been used. Here we take a new approach to a quantitative characterisation of the Perseus-Pisces supercluster using a statistically complete sample of X-ray luminous galaxy groups and clusters from our CLASSIX galaxy cluster redshift survey. We used a friends-of-friends technique to construct the supercluster membership. We also studied the structure of the Southern Great Wall, which merges with the Perseus-Pisces supercluster with a slightly increased friends-of-friends linking length. In this work we discuss the geometric structure of the superclusters, compare the X-ray luminosity distribution of the members with that of the surroundings, and provide an estimate of the supercluster mass. These results establish Perseus-Pisces as the largest superstructure in the Universe at redshifts z <= 0.03. With the new data this supercluster extends through the zone of avoidance, which has also been indicated by some studies of the galaxy distribution by means of HI observations. We investigated whether the shapes of the member groups and clusters in X-rays are aligned with the major axis of the supercluster. We find no evidence for a pronounced alignment, except for the ellipticities of Perseus and AWM7, which are aligned with the separation vector of the two systems and weakly with the supercluster.