Weak-value technique for detecting weak magnetic field based on Faraday magneto-optic effect

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel weak-value amplification method using a Sagnac interferometer in momentum space to detect extremely weak magnetic fields via the Faraday magneto-optic effect, achieving high sensitivity.

Contribution

It introduces a new weak measurement protocol employing a Sagnac interferometer in momentum space for enhanced detection of weak magnetic fields.

Findings

Effective detection of magnetic fields below 10^{-10} T.

Theoretical framework for optimal pre- and post-selection.

Numerical validation of scheme feasibility.

Abstract

We study the amplification of weak magnetic field with Weak-value technique based on Faraday magneto-optic effect. By using a different scheme to perform the Sagnac interferometer with the probe in momentum space, we have demonstrated the new weak measure protocol to detect the small weak magnetic field by amplifying the phase shift of Faraday magneto-optic effect. At the given the maximum incident intensity of the initial spectrum, the detection limit of the intensity of the spectrometer and the accuracy of detecting weak magnetic field, we can theoretically give the appropriate pre-selection, post-selection and others optical structure before experiment. Our numerical results show our scheme with Weak-value technique is effective and feasible to detect weak magnetic field with magnetic field intensity lower than $10^{-10}$ T.