Wireless for Control: Over-the-Air Controller
Pangun Park, Piergiuseppe Di Marco, Carlo Fischione

TL;DR
This paper introduces an over-the-air controller scheme for wireless control systems that leverages wireless superposition to compute control signals directly from sensor transmissions, reducing delay and resource use.
Contribution
It proposes a novel over-the-air computation method for control signals, eliminating the need for a dedicated controller and improving system stability and efficiency.
Findings
Widened stability region in sampling time and delay.
Reduced control signal computation error.
Lower wireless resource utilization.
Abstract
In closed-loop wireless control systems, the state-of-the-art approach prescribes that a controller receives by wireless communications the individual sensor measurements, and then sends the computed control signal to the actuators. We propose an over-the-air controller scheme where all sensors attached to the plant simultaneously transmit scaled sensing signals directly to the actuator; then the feedback control signal is computed partially over the air and partially by a scaling operation at the actuator. Such over-the-air controller essentially adopts the over-the-air computation concept to compute the control signal for closed-loop wireless control systems. In contrast to the state-of-the-art sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator communication approach, the over-the-air controller exploits the superposition properties of multiple-access wireless channels to complete the…
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