Coherence of resonant light-matter interaction in the strong-coupling limit

TL;DR

This paper investigates quantum fluctuations in the strong-coupling regime of the dissipative Jaynes-Cummings model, deriving analytical spectra and correlation functions, and exploring quantum phase transitions through numerical and analytical methods.

Contribution

It introduces a method to analytically derive spectra and correlation functions in the strong-coupling limit, including quantum fluctuations, and analyzes quantum phase transitions in this regime.

Findings

Analytical expressions for spectrum and correlation functions derived.

Quantum fluctuations significantly influence photon statistics.

Identification of a second-order quantum phase transition.

Abstract

We explore the role of quantum fluctuations in the strong-coupling limit of the dissipative Jaynes-Cummings oscillator driven on resonance. For weak excitation, we derive analytical expressions for the spectrum and the intensity correlation function for the photons scattered by the two-state atom coupled to the coherently driven cavity mode. We do so by writing down a birth-death process adding the higher orders in the excitation strength needed to go beyond the pure-state factorization, following the method introduced in [H. J. Carmichael, {\it Statistical Methods in Quantum Optics 2}, Springer, 2008, Sec. 16.3.4]. Our results for the first and second-order correlation functions are complemented by the numerical investigation of the waiting-time distribution for the photon emissions directed sideways, and the comparison with ordinary resonance fluorescence. To close out our discussion, we increase the driving field amplitude and approach the critical point organizing a second-order dissipative quantum phase transition by depicting the excitation pathways in the intracavity field distribution for a finite system size.