Kalb-Ramond scalar QED multiple vacua

TL;DR

This paper investigates a gauge field model with scalar interactions, revealing a phase where both photon and Kalb-Ramond fields are massive, and demonstrates a confining potential in a specific mass limit.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of vacua in a vector and Kalb-Ramond gauge field system, highlighting a phase with both fields massive and deriving a confining potential.

Findings

Identifies multiple vacua with different Higgs field VEVs.

Finds a phase where both photon and Kalb-Ramond are massive.

Derives a Cornell confining potential in a specific mass limit.

Abstract

We study a model of interacting vector and Kalb-Ramond gauge fields in a non-trivial Higgs vacuum generated by a charged and a neutral scalar field. The system admits different vacua for different v.e.v. of the two Higgs fields. Our primary interest in this paper regards the "mixed phase" where both the photon and the Kalb-Ramond acquire a mass. In this phase we compute the interaction potential energy between static test charges. It turns out that the limit in which the photon becomes massless, while the Kalb-Ramond remains massive, leads to a Cornell confining potential between test charges.