Homodyne detection of a two-photon resonance assisted by cooperative emission

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a homodyne detection method for two-photon resonance in a Λ-system, utilizing transient signals and cooperativity to enhance sensitivity for applications like sensing and atomic clocks.

Contribution

It introduces a novel homodyne interferometry technique in the transient regime that improves detection sensitivity of two-photon resonances in atomic systems.

Findings

Enhanced sensitivity to two-photon detuning via transient transmission signals.

Robustness of the signal amplitude under high modulation frequencies.

Potential applications in magnetometry, velocimetry, and atomic clocks.

Abstract

Focusing on the transient regime, we explore atomic two-photon spectroscopy with self-aligned homodyne interferometry in a $\Lambda$-system with large optical depth. The two light sources at the origin of the interference are the single-photon transient transmission of the probe, and the slow light of the electromagnetically induced transparency. By switching off the probe laser abruptly (flash effect), the transient transmission signal is reinforced by cooperativity, showing enhanced sensitivity to the two-photon frequency detuning. If the probe laser is periodically switched on and off, the amplitude of the transmission signal varies and remains large even for high modulation frequency. This technique has potential applications in sensing, such as magnetometry and velocimetry, and in coherent population trapping clocks.