Detecting entanglement structure in continuous many-body quantum systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a general scheme for detecting entanglement in spatially extended many-body quantum systems, demonstrated on a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, enhancing quantum simulation capabilities.

Contribution

The authors develop a novel method for certifying entanglement in quantum fields, enabling experimental detection in complex many-body systems.

Findings

Successfully detected entanglement in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate.

Demonstrated simultaneous detection of quantum correlations in conjugate observables.

Showed potential for improved quantum simulations of many-body entanglement.

Abstract

A prerequisite for the comprehensive understanding of many-body quantum systems is a characterization in terms of their entanglement structure. The experimental detection of entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems describable by quantum fields still presents a major challenge. We develop a general scheme for certifying entanglement and demonstrate it by revealing entanglement between distinct subsystems of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. Our scheme builds on the spatially resolved simultaneous detection of the quantum field in two conjugate observables which allows the experimental confirmation of quantum correlations between local as well as non-local partitions of the system. The detection of squeezing in Bogoliubov modes in a multi-mode setting illustrates its potential to boost the capabilities of quantum simulations to study entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems.