The structure of the X(3872) as explained by a Diffusion Monte Carlo calculation

TL;DR

This paper uses a Diffusion Monte Carlo approach to study the structure of the X(3872) resonance, suggesting it is more consistent with meson clusters like  ext{0} ext{4} ext{0} and  ho J/ ext{psi} than a simple D0ar{D}^{*0} molecule.

Contribution

It introduces a multi-particle correlated calculation method to analyze the X(3872), challenging the common molecular interpretation by revealing alternative cluster configurations.

Findings

Preferred  ext{0} ext{4} ext{0} and  ho J/ ext{psi} clusters as stable configurations.

Supports a meson-meson molecular structure over a pure D0ar{D}^{*0} molecule.

Provides a theoretical framework consistent with observed X(3872) features.

Abstract

Two decades after its unexpected discovery, the properties of the $X(3872)$ exotic resonance are still under intense scrutiny. In particular, there are doubts about its nature as an ensemble of mesons or having any other internal structure. We use a Diffusion Monte Carlo method to solve the many-body Schr\"odinger equation that describes this state as a $c \bar c n \bar n$ ($n=u$ or $d$ quark) system. This approach accounts for multi-particle correlations in physical observables avoiding the usual quark-clustering assumed in other theoretical techniques. The most general and accepted pairwise Coulomb$\,+\,$linear-confining$\,+\,$hyperfine spin-spin interaction, with parameters obtained by a simultaneous fit of around 100 masses of mesons and baryons, is used. The $X(3872)$ contains light quarks whose masses are given by the mechanism responsible of the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry. The same mechanisms gives rise to Goldstone-boson exchange interactions between quarks that have been fixed in the last 10-20 years reproducing hadron, hadron-hadron and multiquark phenomenology. It appears that a meson-meson molecular configuration is preferred but, contrary to the usual assumption of $D^0\bar{D}^{\ast0}$ molecule for the $X(3872)$, our formalism produces $\omega J/\psi$ and $\rho J/\psi$ clusters as the most stable ones, which could explain in a natural way all the observed features of the $X(3872)$.