Thermodynamics of scale-dependent Friedmann equations

TL;DR

This paper explores how a time-varying Newton constant influences the thermodynamics of Friedmann equations, revealing both equilibrium and non-equilibrium frameworks and comparing black hole and cosmological thermodynamics within scale-dependent gravity.

Contribution

It demonstrates the derivation of extended Friedmann equations from both equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics considering a variable Newton constant.

Findings

Extended Friedmann equations derived from equilibrium thermodynamics.

Entropy production term depends on the time-varying Newton constant.

Comparison between black hole and cosmological thermodynamics in scale-dependent gravity.

Abstract

In this work, the role of a time-varying Newton constant under the scale-dependent approach is investigated in the thermodynamics of the Friedman equations. In particular, we show that the extended Friedman equations can be derived either from equilibrium thermodynamics when the non-matter energy momentum tensor is interpreted as a fluid or from non-equilibrium thermodynamics when an entropy production term, which depends on the time-varying Newton constant, is included. Finally, a comparison between black hole and cosmological thermodynamics in the framework of scale--dependent gravity is briefly discussed.