A Unified Yukawa Interaction for the Standard Model of Quarks and Leptons

TL;DR

This paper proposes a minimal, unified Yukawa interaction framework for quarks and leptons in the Standard Model, aiming to explain fermion mass hierarchies and flavor mixings with fewer parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a novel decomposition of Yukawa matrices to unify quark and lepton interactions, reducing redundant parameters and providing a unified description similar to gauge interaction unification.

Findings

Unified Yukawa interaction model for quarks and leptons.

Reduction of parameters in fermion mass and mixing descriptions.

Potential framework for explaining fermion mass hierarchies.

Abstract

To address fermion mass hierarchy and flavor mixings in the quark and lepton sectors, a minimal flavor structure without any redundant parameters beyond phenomenological observables is proposed via decomposition of the Standard Model Yukawa mass matrix into a bi-unitary form. After reviewing the roles and parameterization of the factorized matrix ${\bf M}_0^f$ and ${\bf F}_L^f$ in fermion masses and mixings, we generalize the mechanism to up- and down-type fermions to unify them into a universal quark/lepton Yukawa interaction. In the same way, a unified form of the description of the quark and lepton Yukawa interactions is also proposed, which shows a similar picture as the unification of gauge interactions.