$SU(5)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$ electroweak unification

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel electroweak unification model based on the $SU(5)_L imes U(1)_Y$ gauge group, achieving symmetry breaking to the electromagnetic group with a specific Higgs sector, and predicts three fermion generations and charge quantization.

Contribution

It presents the first electroweak unification model using the $SU(5)_L imes U(1)_Y$ gauge group with a unique Higgs sector and demonstrates its consistency with experimental data.

Findings

Predicts three fermion generations.

Provides a viable mass spectrum with one free parameter.

Ensures electric charge quantization.

Abstract

We propose here - for the first time in the literature, to our best knowledge - an electroweak unification based on the $SU(5)_{L}\times U(1)_{Y}$ gauge group. The spontaneous symmetry breaking takes place in the manner $SU(5)_{L}\times U(1)_{Y} \rightarrow U(1)_{em}$, due to a particular Higgs sector consisting of five scalar quintuplets. Each scalar quintuplet acquires its own vacuum expectation value, by means of a proper parametrization which is worked out once the overall vacuum expectation value in the model is established. The decoupling of the low energy regime (corresponding to the Standard Model) from the high scale (required by out model here) is straightforwardly achieved in order to preserve the consistency with the present experimental data. Finally, a promising phenomenological outcome is derived by simply tuning a single free parameter. Our results include, besides a viable one-parameter mass spectrum, also the prediction of precisely three generations in the fermion sector and the electric charge quantization.