Handwriting Recognition with Novelty

TL;DR

This paper proposes an agent-centric approach to handwriting recognition that can handle various types of novelty in handwritten documents, formalizes the problem, and establishes a benchmark for future research.

Contribution

It introduces a formal framework and baseline for recognizing known and novel handwriting features simultaneously, advancing the state-of-the-art in handling novelty in HWR.

Findings

Feasibility demonstrated for the agent-centric approach

Benchmark data and evaluation protocol established

Results indicate room for improvement towards human-level recognition

Abstract

This paper introduces an agent-centric approach to handle novelty in the visual recognition domain of handwriting recognition (HWR). An ideal transcription agent would rival or surpass human perception, being able to recognize known and new characters in an image, and detect any stylistic changes that may occur within or across documents. A key confound is the presence of novelty, which has continued to stymie even the best machine learning-based algorithms for these tasks. In handwritten documents, novelty can be a change in writer, character attributes, writing attributes, or overall document appearance, among other things. Instead of looking at each aspect independently, we suggest that an integrated agent that can process known characters and novelties simultaneously is a better strategy. This paper formalizes the domain of handwriting recognition with novelty, describes a baseline agent, introduces an evaluation protocol with benchmark data, and provides experimentation to set the state-of-the-art. Results show feasibility for the agent-centric approach, but more work is needed to approach human-levels of reading ability, giving the HWR community a formal basis to build upon as they solve this challenging problem.